December 10, 2025 by Joachim Keppler
Collected at: https://phys.org/news/2025-12-quantum-clues-consciousness-brain-harness.html
What if your conscious experiences were not just the chatter of neurons, but were connected to the hum of the universe? In a paper published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, I present new evidence indicating that conscious states may arise from the brain’s capacity to resonate with the quantum vacuum—the zero-point field that permeates all of space.
More specifically, I argue that macroscopic quantum effects are at play inside our heads. This insight results from a synthesis of brain architectural and neurophysiological findings supplemented with quantitative model calculations. The novel synthesis suggests that the brain’s basic functional building blocks, cortical microcolumns, couple directly to the zero-point field, igniting the complex dynamics characteristic of conscious processes.
Self-organized criticality in the brain
Neuroscientists have long observed that conscious states are linked to synchronized brain activity in the beta and gamma ranges. These patterns display the hallmarks of self-organized criticality, a delicate balance where the brain operates in the vicinity of a critical point of a phase transition.
In this regime, sensory inputs can trigger large neuronal avalanches that are thought to underlie conscious perception. When consciousness fades, such as under anesthesia, this critical balance disappears. The big question has been: What keeps the brain tuned to this critical state?
Resonance in microcolumns
The answer lies in quantum electrodynamics (QED), the fundamental theory of electromagnetism. In this theory, the vacuum is not empty but filled with a fluctuating ocean of energy known as the electromagnetic zero-point field (ZPF). QED-based model calculations demonstrate that specific frequencies (modes) of the ZPF can resonate with glutamate, the brain’s most abundant neurotransmitter. The resonant interaction takes place in microcolumns, cortical units made up of about 100 neurons bathed in a glutamate pool.
It is precisely this interaction that turns out to be crucial for self-organized criticality. On the one hand, resonant glutamate-ZPF coupling results in the formation of coherence domains where a large number of molecules vibrate in unison. These domains are protected by energy gaps, making quantum coherence surprisingly stable in the warm, noisy brain.
On the other hand, the coupling leads to the excitation of specific ZPF modes and the generation of intracolumnar microwave fields that modulate ion channels, fine-tune neuronal firing rates, and maintain the excitatory-inhibitory balance essential for critical dynamics.
Conscious awareness arises from resonant brain-ZPF coupling
The implications are profound. If the model proves to be correct, consciousness arises not merely from electrochemical signaling but from a bottom-up orchestration involving the brain’s resonant coupling to the ZPF. In this view, awareness is tied to the selective excitation of ZPF modes, reflected in the brain’s critical dynamics.
During periods of unconsciousness, a pronounced deviation from critical dynamics is observed, implying that the coupling of the brain to the ZPF is disrupted and the ZPF, the hidden orchestrator of brain activity, is disengaged.
Experimental horizons and outlook
The model opens up intriguing avenues for empirical testing. By smart, systematic manipulations of conditions in the cerebral cortex, researchers can explore whether the brain harnesses the ZPF and whether consciousness truly depends on resonant brain-ZPF interaction. Such experiments could break new ground in neuroscience and shed light on long-standing metaphysical questions about the nature of awareness.
In conclusion, the model adds a fresh dimension to the search for a theory of consciousness, one that unites neuroscience with foundational physics. For centuries, consciousness has been humanity’s deepest mystery. Is it purely emergent from neural networks, or does it connect to something more fundamental? The new findings that I present in my work suggest that the ubiquitous ZPF holds the key to the understanding of consciousness.
This story is part of Science X Dialog, where researchers can report findings from their published research articles. Visit this page for information about Science X Dialog and how to participate.
More information: Joachim Keppler, Macroscopic quantum effects in the brain: new insights into the fundamental principle underlying conscious processes, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2025). DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1676585
Journal information: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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