December 18, 2025 by Jutta Witte, University of Stuttgart
Collected at: https://techxplore.com/news/2025-12-sustainable-production-high-quality-perovskite.html
Perovskite solar modules provide numerous benefits. They are lightweight, highly efficient, easily scalable, and at the same time inexpensive and facile to produce. However, their commercial use still faces challenges. During production, toxic solvents are used to dissolve the perovskite crystals, which are then processed into so-called perovskite inks. These inks can be printed, applied or sprayed on like paint. However, when applied to large surfaces, quality fluctuations occur. Consequently, the novel PV modules have limited operational stability.
Researchers from the Nanjing and Stuttgart universities have now found a new way to produce perovskite photovoltaic modules in an environmentally friendly manner and on a commercial scale. Their research is published in the journal Science.
Industrial-scale manufacturing of perovskite modules
Prof. Michael Saliba, who co-authored the publication and is the head of the Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv) at the University of Stuttgart, stated, “We have successfully demonstrated how the large-scale production of high-performance perovskite PV modules can be carried out in an environmentally friendly, reliable way and under ambient air conditions.
“We were also able to develop a process that allows us to apply the ‘green’ perovskite ink evenly and precisely, preventing irregularities in the perovskite layer and thus avoiding a reduction in efficiency,” explains Prof. Haire Tan, researcher at the College of Engineering and Applied Science at Nanjing University.
“This allows us to manufacture perovskite PV modules in an environmentally friendly way, maximize the performance of the entire module, and ensure its reliable long-term operation,” explains Saliba, whose team tested the produced modules on outdoor test facilities on the roofs of the Institute for Photovoltaics.
The new system makes it possible to produce perovskite photovoltaic modules with an area of 7,200 square centimeters, achieving an efficiency of 17.2% under constant operating conditions while meeting all quality and reliability standards.
More information: Yinke Wang et al, Improved solvent systems for commercially viable perovskite photovoltaic modules, Science (2025). DOI: 10.1126/science.adz0091
Journal information: Science
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